Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid, is a mineral acid with the chemical formula H₃PO₄. It is a colorless, odorless, and non-volatile liquid that is widely used in various industrial and household applications. One of the most common uses of phosphoric acid is in the production of fertilizers, where it serves as a key component in the manufacture of phosphate-based fertilizers such as superphosphate and ammonium phosphate. Additionally, it is used in the food industry as an acidity regulator and flavoring agent, particularly in soft drinks like cola. Phosphoric acid also finds applications in dental and orthopedic medicine, where it is used in etching solutions for preparing teeth and bones. In industrial cleaning, it serves as a rust remover and cleaner for metals. It is usually produced by reacting phosphate rock with sulfuric acid or through thermal processing. While it is considered safe in small quantities, concentrated phosphoric acid is corrosive and can cause skin irritation and eye damage upon contact. Proper handling and safety precautions are essential when working with this acid in industrial settings. Its versatility and effectiveness make it an important chemical in many sectors, from agriculture and food to medicine and manufacturing.

• Chemical formula: H₃PO₄
• Colorless, odorless, non-volatile liquid
• Used in the production of phosphate fertilizers
• Commonly added to soft drinks as a flavoring agent
• Applied in dentistry and orthopedics for etching
• Effective in rust removal and industrial cleaning
• Produced from phosphate rock and sulfuric acid
• Corrosive in concentrated form; requires careful handling
• Widely used across agriculture, food, medicine, and industry